Nts'etsopele ea litšoantšo tsa optical ho li-microscopes tsa opereishene tse thehiloeng ho video

Lefapheng la bongaka, ntle le pelaelo opereishene ke mokhoa oa mantlha oa ho phekola bongata ba mafu, haholo-holo ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa kalafong ea pele ea mofets'e. Senotlolo sa katleho ea opereishene ea ngaka e itšetlehile ka pono e hlakileng ea karolo ea pathological ka mor'a ho arohana.Limaekerosekopo tsa ho buoali 'nile tsa sebelisoa haholo ho buuoa ka bongaka ka lebaka la kutloisiso ea tsona e matla ea likarolo tse tharo, tlhaloso e phahameng, le qeto e phahameng. Leha ho le joalo, sebopeho sa anatomical sa karolo ea pathological se rarahane ebile se rarahane, 'me boholo ba bona bo haufi le lisele tsa bohlokoa tsa setho. Mehaho ea millimeter ho isa ho micrometer e fetisitse hōle mefuta e ka bonoang ke leihlo la motho. Ho feta moo, lisele tsa methapo 'meleng oa motho li moqotetsane ebile li tletse, 'me mabone ha a lekane. Ho kheloha leha e le hofe ho honyenyane ho ka baka kotsi ho mokuli, ho ama phello ea ho buuoa, esita le ho beha bophelo kotsing. Ka hona, ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho ntlafatsaHo sebetsamicroscopeka ho hōlisa ho lekaneng le litšoantšo tse hlakileng tse bonahalang ke taba eo bafuputsi ba tsoelang pele ho e hlahloba ka botebo.

Hajoale, mahlale a dijithale a kang setšoantšo le video, phetiso ea tlhahisoleseling, le ho rekota lifoto li kena lefapheng la microsurgery ka melemo e mecha. Theknoloji ena ha e ame feela ka mokhoa o tebileng mekhoa ea bophelo ea batho, empa hape butle-butle e kenella lefapheng la microsurgery. Lipontšo tse phahameng tsa tlhaloso, lik'hamera, joalo-joalo li ka finyella litlhoko tsa hona joale tsa ho nepahala ha ho buuoa. Sistimi ea video e nang le CCD, CMOS le li-sensor tse ling tsa litšoantšo joalo ka ha libaka tse amohelang li 'nile tsa sebelisoa butle-butle ho li-microscopes tsa ho buoa. Limaekerosekopo tsa ho buoa tsa videoli tenyetseha haholo 'me li loketse lingaka ho li sebetsa. Kenyelletso ea mahlale a tsoetseng pele joalo ka sistimi ea ho sesa, ponts'o ea 3D, boleng bo phahameng ba setšoantšo, 'nete e matlafalitsoeng (AR), joalo-joalo, e nolofalletsang ho arolelana pono ea batho ba bangata nakong ea ts'ebetso ea opereishene, e boetse e thusa lingaka ho etsa opereishene e ntle ka ho fetisisa.

Maikroskoupo optical imaging ke eona e khethollang boleng ba ho nka litšoantšo ka microscope. Litšoantšo tsa optical tsa li-microscopes tsa opereishene tsa video li na le likarolo tse ikhethang tsa moralo, tse sebelisang lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa optical le theknoloji ea litšoantšo tse kang li-high-resolution, li-sensor tse phahameng tsa CMOS kapa tsa CCD, hammoho le theknoloji ea bohlokoa e kang zoom ea optical le matšeliso a optical. Litheknoloji tsena li ntlafatsa ka nepo ho hlaka ha litšoantšo le boleng ba li-microscopes, ho fana ka tiisetso e ntle ea pono bakeng sa opereishene ea ho buoa. Ho feta moo, ka ho kopanya theknoloji ea optical imaging le ts'ebetso ea digital, ho nahana ka nako ea sebele ka matla le ho tsosolosoa ha 3D ho fihletsoe, ho fa lingaka tse buoang phihlelo e hlakileng haholoanyane ea pono. E le ho ntlafatsa ka ho eketsehileng boleng ba litšoantšo tsa optical tsa microscopes ea opereishene ea video, bafuputsi ba lula ba hlahloba mekhoa e mecha ea litšoantšo tsa optical, tse kang fluorescence imaging, polarization imaging, imaging multispectral, joalo-joalo, ho ntlafatsa qeto ea litšoantšo le botebo ba li-microscopes; Ho sebelisa theknoloji ea mahlale a maiketsetso bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea morao-rao ea data ea optical imaging ho ntlafatsa ho hlaka le ho fapana ha litšoantšo.

Lits'ebetsong tsa pele tsa ho buuoa,microscopes ea li-binocularli ne li sebelisoa haholo-holo e le lisebelisoa tse thusang. Binocular microscope ke sesebelisoa se sebelisang li-prism le lilense ho fihlela pono ea stereoscopic. E ka fana ka pono e tebileng le pono ea stereoscopic eo li-microscopes tsa monocular li se nang tsona. Bohareng ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, von Zehender e ile ea e-ba pula-maliboho tšebelisong ea likhalase tse hōlisang libonela-hōle litlhahlobong tsa bongaka tsa mahlo. Ka mor'a moo, Zeiss o ile a hlahisa khalase e hōlisang libonela-hōle e nang le sebaka se sebetsang sa 25 cm, a rala motheo oa nts'etsopele ea microsurgery ea morao-rao. Mabapi le litšoantšo tsa optical tsa microscopes ea ho buoa ka li-binocular, sebaka sa ho sebetsa sa li-microscopes tsa pele tsa li-binocular e ne e le 75 mm. Ka nts'etsopele le ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, ho ile ha hlahisoa microscope ea pele ea ho buoa OPMI1, 'me sebaka sa ho sebetsa se ka fihla ho 405 mm. Ho holisa le hona ho ntse ho eketseha khafetsa, 'me likhetho tsa ho holisa li ntse li eketseha. Ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea li-microscopes tsa libonela-hōle, melemo ea tsona e kang e hlakileng ea stereoscopic effect, ho hlaka ho hoholo, le sebaka se selelele sa ho sebetsa li entse hore li-microscopes tsa ho buoa tsa binocular li sebelisoe haholo mafapheng a sa tšoaneng. Leha ho le joalo, moeli oa boholo ba eona bo boholo le botebo bo fokolang bo ke ke ba hlokomolohuoa, 'me basebeletsi ba tsa bongaka ba hloka ho hlahloba khafetsa le ho tsepamisa maikutlo nakong ea ho buuoa, e leng ho eketsang bothata ba ho sebetsa. Ho phaella moo, lingaka tse buoang tse lebisang tlhokomelo ea lisebelisoa tsa pono le ts'ebetso ka nako e telele ha li eketse moroalo oa 'mele feela, empa hape ha li lumellane le melao-motheo ea ergonomic. Lingaka li hloka ho boloka boemo bo tsitsitseng ba ho etsa litlhahlobo tsa ho buuoa ho bakuli, 'me ho boetse ho hlokahala liphetoho tsa matsoho, tseo ka tekanyo e itseng li eketsang bothata ba ho buuoa.

Kamora lilemo tsa bo-1990, litsamaiso tsa lik'hamera le lisensara tsa litšoantšo li ile tsa qala ho kenella butle-butle tšebetsong ea ho buoa, ho bonts'a bokhoni ba ts'ebeliso ea bohlokoa. Ka 1991, Berci o ile a qapa mokhoa o mocha oa video bakeng sa ho bona libaka tsa ho buoa, tse nang le sebaka se feto-fetohang sa ho sebetsa sa 150-500 mm le bophara ba ntho e ka bonoang ho tloha ho 15-25 mm, ha ho ntse ho boloka botebo ba tšimo pakeng tsa 10-20 mm. Le hoja litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhokomelo ea lilense le lik’hamera ka nako eo li ne li fokotsa tšebeliso e atileng ea thekenoloji ena lipetleleng tse ngata, bafuputsi ba ile ba tsoela pele ho phehella mekhoa e mecha ea thekenoloji ’me ba qala ho hlahisa li-microscopes tsa ho buoa tse tsoetseng pele haholo tsa video. Ha ho bapisoa le li-microscopes tsa ho buoa tsa li-binocular, tse hlokang nako e telele ho boloka mokhoa ona o sa fetoheng oa ho sebetsa, o ka lebisa mokhathala oa 'mele le kelello habonolo. Mofuta oa video oa microscope oa opereishene o hlahisa setšoantšo se holisitsoeng holim'a mochini, ho qoba boemo bo bobe ba nako e telele ba ngaka e buoang. Li-microscopes tse thehiloeng ho video li lokolla lingaka ho tloha boemong bo le bong, ho li lumella ho sebetsa libakeng tsa anatomical ka li-skrini tse phahameng.

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea theknoloji ea mahlale a maiketsetso, li-microscopes tsa ho buoa li se li le bohlale butle-butle, 'me li-microscopes tse thehiloeng ho video li fetohile lihlahisoa tse ka sehloohong 'marakeng. microscope ea morao-rao e thehiloeng ho video e kopanya pono ea k'homphieutha le mahlale a tebileng a ho ithuta ho fihlela kananelo ea litšoantšo e ikemetseng, likarolo le tlhahlobo. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho buuoa, li-microscopes tse bohlale tse thehiloeng ho video li ka thusa lingaka ho fumana kapele lisele tse kulang le ho ntlafatsa ho nepahala ha opereishene.

Ts'ebetsong ea nts'etsopele ho tloha ho li-microscopes tsa li-binocular ho ea ho li-microscopes tsa ho buoa tse thehiloeng ho video, ha ho thata ho fumana hore litlhoko tsa ho nepahala, ho sebetsa hantle le ho sireletseha ha ho buuoa li ntse li eketseha letsatsi le letsatsi. Hajoale, tlhoko ea litšoantšo tsa mahlo tsa li-microscopes tsa ho buoa ha e felle feela ho holiseng likarolo tsa pathological, empa e ntse e tsoela pele ho fapana le ho sebetsa hantle. Meriana ea bongaka, li-microscopes tsa ho buoa li sebelisoa haholo ho buuoa ka methapo le mokokotlo ka li-module tsa fluorescence tse kopantsoeng le 'nete e ntseng e eketseha. Sistimi ea ho tsamaea ea AR e ka thusa ho buuoa ka mokokotlo oa mokokotlo, 'me li-fluorescent li ka tataisa lingaka ho tlosa lihlahala tsa boko ka botlalo. Ho phaella moo, bafuputsi ba atlehile ho fumana ka mokhoa o itekanetseng oa li-polyps tsa lentsoe le leukoplakia ba sebelisa microscope ea hyperspectral e kopantsoeng le mekhoa ea ho khetholla litšoantšo. Li-microscope tsa ho buoa tsa video li 'nile tsa sebelisoa haholo mafapheng a fapaneng a ho buoa a kang thyroidectomy, retinal opereishene le lymphatic opereishene ka ho kopanngoa le litšoantšo tsa fluorescence, imaging multispectral, le theknoloji e bohlale ea ho sebetsana le litšoantšo.

Ha li bapisoa le li-microscopes tsa ho buoa tsa li-binocular, li-microscopes tsa video li ka fana ka ho arolelana livideo tsa basebelisi ba bangata, litšoantšo tse phahameng tsa ho buuoa, 'me li na le ergonomic, tse fokotsang mokhathala oa ngaka. Tsoelo-pele ea litšoantšo tsa optical, digitization, le bohlale li ntlafalitse haholo ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa optical microscope, 'me litšoantšo tse matla tsa nako ea sebele,' nete e ntseng e eketseha, le mekhoa e meng ea theknoloji e atolositse haholo mesebetsi le li-module tsa li-microscopes tsa ho buoa tse thehiloeng ho video.

Litšoantšo tsa mahlo tsa li-microscopes tsa nakong e tlang tsa ho buuoa li tla ba tse nepahetseng, tse sebetsang hantle, le tse bohlale haholoanyane, ho fa lingaka boitsebiso bo pharaletseng, bo qaqileng, le bo nang le likarolo tse tharo tsa mokuli ho tataisa mekhoa ea ho buoa hamolemo. Ho sa le joalo, ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji le katoloso ea likarolo tsa ts'ebeliso, sistimi ena e tla sebelisoa le ho ntlafatsoa mafapheng a mangata.