Ntlafatso ea litšoantšo tsa mahlo ka har'a li-microscope tsa opereishene tse thehiloeng videong

Lefapheng la bongaka, ho buuoa ntle ho pelaelo ke mokhoa oa mantlha oa ho phekola mafu a mangata, haholo-holo ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa kalafong ea pele ea mofetše. Senotlolo sa katleho ea opereishene ea ngaka se ho bona ka ho hlaka karolo ea pathological ka mor'a ho aroloa ha lisele.Limaekroskopu tsa opereisheneli sebelisitsoe haholo opereisheneng ea bongaka ka lebaka la kutloisiso ea tsona e matla ea boholo ba likarolo tse tharo, tlhaloso e phahameng, le qeto e phahameng. Leha ho le joalo, sebopeho sa 'mele sa karolo ea pathological se rarahane ebile se rarahane,' me boholo ba tsona li haufi le lisele tsa bohlokoa tsa litho. Meaho ea millimeter ho ea ho micrometer e fetile hōle sebaka se ka bonoang ke leihlo la motho. Ho phaella moo, lisele tsa methapo ea mali 'meleng oa motho li moqotetsane ebile li tletse, 'me mabone ha aa lekana. Ho kheloha ho honyenyane ho ka baka kotsi ho mokuli, ha ama phello ea opereishene, esita le ho beha bophelo kotsing. Ka hona, ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho nts'etsapeleHo sebetsali-microscopeka kgolo e lekaneng le ditshwantsho tse hlakileng ke taba eo bafuputsi ba tswelang pele ho e hlahloba ka botebo.

Hona jwale, mahlale a dijithale a kang setshwantsho le video, phetiso ya tlhahisoleseding, le ho rekota difoto a kena lefapheng la ho buoa ka microsurgery ka melemo e metjha. Mahlale ana ha a susumetse feela mekgwa ya bophelo ya batho ka botebo, empa hape a kenella butle-butle lefapheng la ho buoa ka microsurgery. Dipontsho tse nang le tlhaloso e hodimo, dikhamera, jj. di ka fihlela ditlhoko tsa hajwale tsa ho nepahala ha ho buoa. Ditsamaiso tsa video tse nang le CCD, CMOS le di-sensor tse ding tsa ditshwantsho e le dibaka tse amohelang di sebediseditswe butle-butle ho di-microscope tsa ho buoa. Li-microscope tsa video tsa opereisheneli tenyetseha haholo ebile li loketse lingaka ho li sebetsa. Kenyelletso ea mahlale a tsoetseng pele joalo ka sistimi ea ho tsamaea, ponts'o ea 3D, boleng ba setšoantšo bo hlakileng haholo, 'nete e ntlafalitsoeng (AR), jj., tse nolofalletsang ho arolelana maikutlo a batho ba bangata nakong ea ts'ebetso ea opereishene, li thusa lingaka ho etsa opereishene hamolemo nakong ea opereishene.

Ho nka ditshwantsho tsa optical ka microscope ke ntho e ka sehloohong e etsang hore boleng ba ho nka ditshwantsho tsa microscope bo be bohlokwa. Ho nka ditshwantsho tsa optical ka microscope ya opereishene ya video ho na le dikarolo tse ikgethang tsa moralo, ho sebedisa dikarolo tse tswetseng pele tsa optical le mahlale a ho nka ditshwantsho a kang di-sensor tsa CMOS kapa CCD tse nang le qeto e hodimo, tse fapaneng haholo, hammoho le mahlale a bohlokwa a kang zoom ya optical le puseletso ya optical. Mahlale ana a ntlafatsa ka katleho ho hlaka le boleng ba di-microscope, a fana ka tiisetso e ntle ya pono bakeng sa ditshebetso tsa opereishene. Ho feta moo, ka ho kopanya theknoloji ya ho nka ditshwantsho tsa optical le ts'ebetso ya dijithale, ho nka ditshwantsho tsa nako ya sebele le ho aha botjha ha 3D ho fihlelletswe, ho fa dingaka tse buwang boiphihlelo bo utlwahalang ba pono. E le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba ho nka ditshwantsho tsa optical ka microscope ya opereishene ya video, bafuputsi ba ntse ba hlahloba mekgwa e metjha ya ho nka ditshwantsho tsa optical, jwalo ka ho nka ditshwantsho tsa fluorescence, ho nka ditshwantsho tsa polarization, ho nka ditshwantsho tsa multispectral, jj., ho ntlafatsa qeto ya ho nka ditshwantsho le botebo ba di-microscope; Ho sebedisa theknoloji ya bohlale ba maiketsetso bakeng sa ho sebetsana le data ya ho nka ditshwantsho tsa optical kamora ho ntlafatsa ho hlaka le ho fapana ha setshwantsho.

Mekhoeng ea pele ea opereishene,li-microscope tse bonelang mahlodi ne di sebediswa haholoholo e le disebediswa tse thusang. Microscope ya binocular ke sesebediswa se sebedisang diprism le dilense ho fihlella pono ya stereoscopic. E ka fana ka temoho e tebileng le pono ya stereoscopic eo di microscope tsa monocular di se nang yona. Bohareng ba lekgolo la bo20 la dilemo, von Zehender o ile a qala tshebediso ya digalase tsa binocular tse hodisang ditlhahlobong tsa mahlo tsa bongaka. Ka mora moo, Zeiss o ile a hlahisa khalase ya binocular e hodisang e nang le sebaka sa ho sebetsa sa 25 cm, a rala motheo wa ntshetsopele ya microsurgery ya sejwalejwale. Mabapi le ditshwantsho tsa optical tsa di microscope tsa opereishene ya binocular, sebaka sa ho sebetsa sa di microscope tsa pele tsa binocular e ne e le 75 mm. Ka ntshetsopele le boqapi ba disebediswa tsa bongaka, microscope ya pele ya opereishene ya OPMI1 e ile ya hlahiswa, mme sebaka sa ho sebetsa se ka fihla ho 405 mm. Kgodiso le yona e ntse e eketseha kamehla, mme dikgetho tsa kgolo di ntse di eketseha kamehla. Ka kgatelopele e tswelang pele ya di microscope tsa binocular, melemo ya tsona jwalo ka phello e hlakileng ya stereoscopic, ho hlaka ho hoholo, le sebaka se selelele sa ho sebetsa di entse hore di microscope tsa opereishene tsa binocular di sebediswe haholo mafapheng a fapaneng. Leha ho le jwalo, moedi wa boholo ba yona bo boholo le botebo bo bonyenyane o ke ke wa hlokomolohuwa, mme basebetsi ba tsa bongaka ba hloka ho leka-lekanya le ho tsepamisa maikutlo kgafetsa nakong ya opereishene, e leng se eketsang bothata ba opereishene. Ho feta moo, dingaka tse buwang tse shebaneng le ho shebella le ho sebetsa ka nako e telele ha di eketse moroalo wa tsona wa mmele feela, empa hape ha di latele melaomotheo ya ergonomic. Dingaka di hloka ho boloka boemo bo tsitsitseng ho etsa ditlhahlobo tsa opereishene ho bakudi, mme ho hlokahala diphetoho tsa letsoho, tse eketsang bothata ba opereishene ya opereishene.

Kamora lilemo tsa bo-1990, litsamaiso tsa lik'hamera le li-sensor tsa litšoantšo li ile tsa qala ho kenella butle-butle ts'ebetsong ea ho buoa, tsa bontša bokhoni bo boholo ba ts'ebeliso. Ka 1991, Berci o ile a qapa sistimi ea video ka boqapi bakeng sa ho bona libaka tsa ho buoa, ka sebaka se ka fetoloang sa ho sebetsa sa 150-500 mm le bophara ba ntho bo bonoang bo tlohang ho 15-25 mm, ha a ntse a boloka botebo ba tšimo bo pakeng tsa 10-20 mm. Le hoja litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhokomelo ea lilense le lik'hamera ka nako eo li ile tsa fokotsa ts'ebeliso e pharalletseng ea theknoloji ena lipetleleng tse ngata, bafuputsi ba ile ba tsoela pele ho phehella boqapi ba theknoloji mme ba qala ho nts'etsapele li-microscope tsa ho buoa tse thehiloeng ho video tse tsoetseng pele haholo. Ha li bapisoa le li-microscope tsa ho buoa tsa binocular, tse hlokang nako e telele ho boloka mokhoa ona o sa fetoheng oa ho sebetsa, li ka lebisa habonolo mokhathala oa 'mele le oa kelello. Microscope ea mofuta oa video e hlahisa setšoantšo se holisitsoeng ho skrine, e qoba boemo bo bobe ba nako e telele ba ngaka e buoang. Li-microscope tsa ho buoa tse thehiloeng ho video li lokolla lingaka boemong bo le bong, li li lumella ho sebetsa libakeng tsa anatomical ka li-skrini tse hlakileng haholo.

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea theknoloji ea bohlale ba maiketsetso, li-microscope tsa opereishene li se li le bohlale butle-butle, 'me li-microscope tsa opereishene tse thehiloeng livideong li fetohile lihlahisoa tse ka sehloohong' marakeng. Li-microscope tsa opereishene tse thehiloeng livideong tsa hona joale li kopanya pono ea khomphutha le mahlale a ho ithuta ka botebo ho fihlela tlhokomeliso ea litšoantšo ka boiketsetso, karohano le tlhahlobo. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea opereishene, li-microscope tsa opereishene tse bohlale tse thehiloeng livideong tsa opereishene li ka thusa lingaka ho fumana lisele tse kulang kapele le ho ntlafatsa ho nepahala ha opereishene.

Ts'ebetsong ea nts'etsopele ho tloha ho li-microscope tsa binocular ho ea ho li-microscope tsa opereishene tse thehiloeng ho video, ha ho thata ho fumana hore litlhoko tsa ho nepahala, katleho le polokeho opereisheneng lia eketseha letsatsi le letsatsi. Hona joale, tlhoko ea litšoantšo tsa optical tsa li-microscope tsa opereishene ha e felle feela ho holiseng likarolo tsa pathological, empa e ntse e fapana le ho feta ebile e sebetsa hantle. Bongaka ba bongaka, li-microscope tsa opereishene li sebelisoa haholo liopereisheneng tsa methapo le tsa mokokotlo ka li-module tsa fluorescence tse kopantsoeng le 'nete e ntlafalitsoeng. Sistimi ea ho tsamaea ea AR e ka nolofatsa opereishene e rarahaneng ea senotlolo sa mokokotlo, 'me li-agent tsa fluorescent li ka tataisa lingaka ho tlosa lihlahala tsa boko ka botlalo. Ho phaella moo, bafuputsi ba atlehile ho fumana li-polyps tsa khoele ea lentsoe le leukoplakia ka boiketsetso ba sebelisa microscope ea opereishene ea hyperspectral e kopantsoeng le li-algorithms tsa ho arola litšoantšo. Li-microscope tsa opereishene tsa video li sebelisitsoe haholo masimong a fapaneng a opereishene joalo ka thyroidectomy, opereishene ea retina, le opereishene ea lymphatic ka ho kopanya le litšoantšo tsa fluorescence, litšoantšo tsa multispectral, le mahlale a bohlale a ho sebetsana le litšoantšo.

Ha li bapisoa le li-microscope tsa opereishene tsa binocular, li-microscope tsa video li ka fana ka ho arolelana livideo tsa basebelisi ba bangata, litšoantšo tsa opereishene tse nang le tlhaloso e phahameng, 'me li sebetsa hantle haholo, li fokotsa mokhathala oa lingaka. Nts'etsopele ea litšoantšo tsa optical, dijithale, le bohlale li ntlafalitse haholo ts'ebetso ea litsamaiso tsa optical tsa microscope tsa opereishene, 'me litšoantšo tse matla tsa nako ea sebele, 'nete e ntlafalitsoeng, le mahlale a mang li atolositse haholo mesebetsi le li-module tsa li-microscope tsa opereishene tse thehiloeng videong.

Ho nka ditshwantsho tsa mahlo tsa dimaekrosekopo tsa nakong e tlang tse thehilweng ho opereishene ho tla nepahala haholoanyane, ho sebetsa hantle, le ho ba bohlale, ho fa dingaka tlhahisoleseding e batsi, e qaqileng le e nang le mahlakore a mararo ya bakudi ho tataisa diopereishene tsa opereishene hamolemo. Ho sa le jwalo, ka kgatelopele e tswelang pele ya theknoloji le katoloso ya masimo a tshebediso, sistimi ena e tla boela e sebediswe mme e ntlafatswe masimong a mangata.